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Registros recuperados: 28
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None-of-These Bias in Stated Choice Experiments AgEcon
Alfnes, Frode; Steine, Gro.
We conduct a within-sample test of hypothetical bias and parameter equality between a hypothetical stated choice (SC) experiment using pictures and a real choice (RC) experiments using products. With exception of the none-of-these alternative-specific dummy, we cannot reject parameter equality between the two datasets. However, when we estimate the models separately with no parameter restrictions, the SC experiment gave WTP estimates that were approximately 50 percent higher and marginal WTP estimates that were almost two times as high as the corresponding estimates from the RC experiment. However, even though the monetary value of the WTP disparity was large, the disparity between the WTP estimates from the two data sets was not statistically significant.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Hypothetical bias; Color; Mixed logit; Salmon; Willingness to pay; Consumer/Household Economics; C81; C93; D12; Q22.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24761
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Modelling Risks in the Salmon Industry and Markets AgEcon
Asheim, Leif Jarle; Lien, Gudbrand D.; Richardson, James W.; Tveteras, Ragnar; Veggeland, Frode.
The paper proposes developing a trade model for salmon to assist in discussions and negotiations of current international salmon trade issues and major risk problems facing the salmon industry. Two modeling approaches are discussed: 1) developing a traditional equilibrium trade programming model designed to maximize total welfare across all model regions by solving for a medium-term price that balances the amount of salmon supplied by the world region to the among processed and consumed by this region; and 2) developing an econometric stochastic simulation model based on linear or non-linear equations. Some disadvantages and weaknesses of the programming model are discussed, whereas the econometric model needs further exploration and consideration. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risks; Salmon; Programming model; Econometric model; International trade; Livestock Production/Industries; C60; C50.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56000
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Can Quality Revitalize the Alaskan Salmon Industry? AgEcon
Babcock, Bruce A.; Weninger, Quinn.
Declining salmon prices, due primarily to expansion of farmed salmon production, have reduced revenues for Alaska's wild salmon fisheries by roughly 62 percent over the past 10 years. One possibility for reversing this trend is to differentiate wild and farmed salmon in consumer markets through quality improvements and marketing. We use a simple conceptual model to highlight the challenges that Alaska's wild salmon industry must overcome before the industry is likely to see significant revenue gains from increased quality. Our tentative conclusion is that product differentiation could increase profits for wild salmon. However, implementation may require significant departures from traditional production and management practices and possibly an amendment to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Product differentiation; Salmon; Quality assurance; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18469
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The effects of superchilled storage at - 2 degrees C on the microbiological and organoleptic properties of cold-smoked salmon before retail Display ArchiMer
Beaufort, Annie; Cardinal, Mireille; Le-bail, Alain; Midelet-bourdin, Graziella.
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of superchilling (-2 degrees C) on the evolution of Listeria monocytogenes and organoleptic characteristics of cold-smoked salmon samples. An Hadamard matrix experimental design was carried out on artificially inoculated samples stored at +4 degrees C for 10 d and at +8 degrees C for 18 d to know the influence of four factors: salt content, strain, cold stiffening and superchilling time, on the level of L.monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon. The growth of L. monocytogenes in naturally contaminated cold-smoked salmon and the organoleptic properties were investigated under superchilling conditions. Superchilling (-2 degrees C for 28 d) had a limited impact on some of the organoleptic properties but the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Quality; Refrigerated storage; Review; Smoking; Salmon; Microbiologie; Qualité; Entreposage frigorifique; Synthèse; Fumaison; Saumon.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7436.pdf
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Selection of non-tyramine producing Carnobacterium strains for the biopreservation of cold-smoked salmon ArchiMer
Brillet-viel, Anne; Matamoros, Sebastien; Blanchet-chevrollier, Christine; Leroi, Francoise; Prevost, Hervé; Pilet, Marie-france.
In this study, we have screened a colLection of Carnobacterium strains that could be used for biopreservation in order to find a natural tyramine negative strain. This screening was performed using the detection of a part of the tyrosine decarboxylase gene by PCR test. On 35 strains of Carnobacterium tested, all showed the presence of the tdc gene suggesting that they all produce tyramine. This was assessed by the quantification of tyramine production for 10 strains. In a second part, a mutation procedure using ethyl methyl sulfonate was used to select a tyramine negative mutant of Carnobacterium divergens V41 that 1S a good candidate for biopreservation applications. A mutant strain called C. divergens V41A8 was selected and characterized. The mutant was...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Salmon; Carnobacterium; Biopreservation.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00007/11824/8574.pdf
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Archaeological Evidence for Resilience of Pacific Northwest Salmon Populations and the Socioecological System over the last ~7,500 years Ecology and Society
Campbell, Sarah K.; Department of Anthropology, Western Washington University; Sarah.Campbell@wwu.edu; Butler, Virginia L.; Department of Anthropology, Portland State University; butlerv@pdx.edu.
Archaeological data on the long history of interaction between indigenous people and salmon have rarely been applied to conservation management. When joined with ethnohistoric records, archaeology provides an alternative conceptual view of the potential for sustainable harvests and can suggest possible social mechanisms for managing human behavior. Review of the ~7,500-year-long fish bone record from two subregions of the Pacific Northwest shows remarkable stability in salmon use. As major changes in the ecological and social system occurred over this lengthy period, persistence in the fishery is not due simply to a lack of perturbation, but rather indicates resilience in the ecological–human system. Of several factors possibly...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Indigenous resource management; Pacific Northwest; Salmon; Sustainable harvests; Zooarchaeology.
Ano: 2010
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Vertebral Column Deformity and Hypoxia in Salmo salar International Journal of Morphology
Castro Sánchez,Rodrigo; Bustos Obregón,Eduardo; Rojas Rauco,Mariana.
Vertebral Column Deformity (VCD) is a common pathology in Chilean salmon farms, lowering the quality and commercialization of the product. Hypoxia has been related to other musculoskeletal deformities, but not to VCD. This work analyzes the morphology of the vertebral column of Salmo salar alevins, cultured under hypoxic conditions (60% O2 saturation in the water tanks) for different time periods after hatching (2, 4, 6 and 8 days). They are compared with their normoxic controls (100% O2 saturation). Using histological (H/E), and morphometric techniques, it was found that the time of exposure to hypoxia is inversely proportional to the body length, notochordal diameter and thickness of its sheath. The organic response to hypoxia was quantified by...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Vertebral Column; Deformity; Hypoxia; Salmon.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000400036
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Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience Ecology and Society
Clark, Douglas A; Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Alberta; Yukon College; Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies; dclark@yukoncollege.yk.ca; Slocombe, D. Scott; Wilfrid Laurier University; sslocomb@wlu.ca.
Aboriginal peoples’ respect for grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) is widely acknowledged, but rarely explored, in wildlife management discourse in northern Canada. Practices of respect expressed toward bears were observed and grouped into four categories: terminology, stories, reciprocity, and ritual. In the southwest Yukon, practices in all four categories form a coherent qualitative resource management system that may enhance the resilience of the bear-human system as a whole. This system also demonstrates the possibility of a previously unrecognized human role in maintaining productive riparian ecosystems and salmon runs, potentially providing a range of valued social-ecological outcomes. Practices of respect hold promise for new strategies to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Bear ceremonialism; Champagne and Aishihik First Nations; Inuit; Inuvialuit; Northwest Territories; Nunavut; Resilience; Salmon; Social-ecological system; Southern Tutchone; Traditional ecological knowledge; Ursus arctos; Yukon.
Ano: 2009
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Substitutability of Fishmeal in Diets for Salmon and Trout: A Meta-Analysis AgEcon
Drakeford, Ben; Pascoe, Sean.
Intensive aquaculture, especially the production of carnivorous species, requires artificial feeding. Fishmeal and oil are preferred to vegetable proteins, since marine proteins provide the essential nutrients required by farmed fish. Therefore, given the stagnant production of reduction species and the rapid increase in aquaculture production, fishmeal availability would pose a biological constraint on aquaculture contribution to world fish supplies in the future, unless alternative feed sources can be incorporated in diets. In this paper, the technical substitutability between fish and vegetable based feeds are assessed through the estimation of Morishima elasticities of substitution. These are derived from a meta-analysis production function.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fishmeal; Meta-analysis; Salmon; Trout; Elasticity; Livestock Production/Industries; Q2.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56074
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The Social Construction of Fishing, 1949 Ecology and Society
Finley, Carmel; Department of History, Oregon State University; carmel.finley@oregonstate.edu.
The theoretical construction known as maximum sustained yield (MSY) exists in three realms: as science, as policy, and as a legal concept. Despite substantial criticism by scientists and economists, MSY remains at the heart of fisheries science and fisheries management. This paper suggests that its institutional resilience springs more from its policy and legal roles than from its scientific strength. Maximum sustained yield was adopted as the goal of American fisheries policy in 1949. Between 1949 and 1955, the State Department pushed for its adoption internationally. In this paper, I first look briefly at the relationship between fishing and foreign policy goals during this period. Second, I look at how fishing was understood during 1949, when the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Fisheries history; Fisheries management; Milner B. Schaefer; Salmon; Surplus production theory; Wilbert M. Chapman; William C. Herrington.
Ano: 2009
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DEMAND INTERACTION BETWEEN FARMED SALMON AND WILD CAUGHT FISH IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AgEcon
Fofana, Abdulai; Clayton, Patty.
Demand relationships between salmon and a number of wild-caught whitefish and shellfish species using both single equation models and linearised AIDS system framework. The system is well represented although autocorrelation were found in both approaches but this is less of a problem in the systems approach. A cautious interpretation of the results indicated that salmon had a long-run market relationship with the whitefish species of cod, monkfish, saithe, whiting and plaice and with the shellfish species of mussels, nephrops, scallops and shrimp. These groups contain the main seafood species consumed within the United Kingdom, and therefore should include most potential substitutes for salmon.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Demand; Salmon; Whitefish; Shellfish; AIDS; Elasticities; Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C32; C22; D12.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11828
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Measuring Market Power in the UK Retail Salmon Industry AgEcon
Fofana, Abdulai; Jaffry, Shabbar.
This paper presents an investigation into the market structure for three product types of salmon (smoked, fresh and whole salmon) in the UK retail market. Evidence of the potential for market power and pricing conduct is analysed using structural simultaneous system equations based on the Bresnahan (1982) model. The importance of the retail market is recognised given the dominance of supermarket chains which accounted for £1.6 billion sales of seafood and the share of about 87% of all seafood retail sales in 2004 as compared with only 16% in 1988. The results indicate that the system is well represented by the models and that the market is competitive for fresh fillets and whole salmon but retailers exert some market power for smoked salmon. The hypothesis...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Market power; Error correction model; Dynamic demand systems; Salmon; Marketing; JEL-1; JEL-J.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45873
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Measuring Oligopsony Power of UK Salmon Retailers AgEcon
Fofana, Abdulai; Jaffry, Shabbar.
A significant increase of concentration in the UK salmon retail subsector has heightened concerns about retail firms’ ability to exercise market power in the purchase of supplies (oligopsony power). To assess the extent to which retail firms have exercised oligopsony power, we develop a dynamic error correction translog profit function to model the behaviour of retailers in the input market for smoke, fillet and whole salmon. Initial estimates indicated violations of monotonicity and convexity conditions as implied by economic theory. In order to ameliorate the problem, a Bayesian technique was used to impose inequality restrictions to correct the anomaly. The final estimated indices of market power in the models were low and statistically significant but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Salmon; Market power; Error correction model; Translog profit function; Food Security and Poverty; JEL-I; JEL-J.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61116
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The Application of Farm Programs to Commercial Fisheries: The Case of Crop Insurance for the Bristol Bay Commercial Salmon Fisheries AgEcon
Greenberg, Joshua A.; Herrmann, Mark; Geier, Hans; Hamel, Charles.
Under the direction of the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000, the U.S. Congress proposed a crop insurance program for the Bristol Bay, Alaska, commercial salmon fishery. This study examines the feasibility of extending crop insurance to this commercial fishery. The specific focus of this analysis is on differences between this commercial capture fishery and agricultural enterprises in the context of property rights and producer control. Findings show that differences between this commercial fishery and agricultural enterprises would require substantial modifications to existing crop insurance programs. Furthermore, it is recommended that the consideration of extending crop insurance be delayed until this fishery is rationalized.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bristol Bay; Commercial fisheries; Crop insurance; Farm programs; Property rights; Risk management; Salmon; Agricultural and Food Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59588
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Institutions for Managing Resilient Salmon (Oncorhynchus Spp.) Ecosystems: the Role of Incentives and Transaction Costs Ecology and Society
Hanna, Susan S; Oregon State University; susan.hanna@oregonstate.edu.
Institutions are the mechanisms that integrate the human and ecological spheres. This paper discusses the institutional challenge of integrating salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) ecosystems and human systems in ways that effectively promote resilience. Salmon recovery in the Columbia River Basin demonstrates the challenge. Despite the comprehensive scope of Basin salmon management, it has a number of problems that illustrate the difficulties of designing institutions for ecosystem and human system resilience. The critical elements of salmon ecosystem management are incentives and transaction costs, and these comprise a large piece of missing institutional infrastructure. Once the focus is placed on incentives and costs, a number of different management strategies...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Columbia River Basin; Ecosystems; Human systems; Incentives; Institutions; Resilience; Salmon; Transaction costs.
Ano: 2008
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Grizzly bear monitoring by the Heiltsuk people as a crucible for First Nation conservation practice Ecology and Society
Housty, William G.; Coastwatch Director, QQS Projects Society; william.housty@gmail.com; Noson, Anna; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana;; Scoville, Gerald W.; Department of Biological Sciences, Central Washington University;; Boulanger, John; Integrated Ecological Research;; Jeo, Richard M.; The Nature Conservancy; rjeo@tnc.org; Darimont, Chris T.; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation;; Filardi, Christopher E.; Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History ; filardi@amnh.org.
Guided by deeply held cultural values, First Nations in Canada are rapidly regaining legal authority to manage natural resources. We present a research collaboration among academics, tribal government, provincial and federal government, resource managers, conservation practitioners, and community leaders supporting First Nation resource authority and stewardship. First, we present results from a molecular genetics study of grizzly bears inhabiting an important conservation area within the territory of the Heiltsuk First Nation in coastal British Columbia. Noninvasive hair sampling occurred between 2006 and 2009 in the Koeye watershed, a stronghold for grizzly bears, salmon, and Heiltsuk people. Molecular demographic analyses revealed a regionally...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Bear population monitoring; British Columbia; Conservation; First Nations science; Grizzly bear; Noninvasive mark-recapture; Salmon; Social and ecological resilience; Traditional stewardship; Values.
Ano: 2014
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Robustness or resilience? Managing the intersection of ecology and engineering in an urban Alaskan fishery Ecology and Society
Krupa, Meagan B.; Alaska Pacific University; mkrupa@alaskapacific.edu; Chapin, III, F. Stuart; University of Alaska Fairbanks ; terry.chapin@alaska.edu; Lovecraft, Amy L.; University of Alaska Fairbanks; allovecraft@alaska.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Robustness theory; Salmon; Social-ecological systems; Stream management; Urban fishery.
Ano: 2014
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Buyer and Seller Response to an Adverse Food Safety Event: The Case of Frozen Salmon in Alberta AgEcon
Maynard, Leigh J.; Saghaian, Sayed H.; Nickoloff, Megan.
Fish is a low-fat protein source high in omega-3 fatty acids, but in 2004 consumers also heard that farmed salmon had high levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). This research evaluated how Canadian consumers and processors reacted to the conflicting health messages. Demand estimates and time-series analysis of 2001-2006 frozen meat scanner data in Alberta, Canada show a significant drop in salmon expenditure share following the PCB finding. The industry responded by launching low-priced wild salmon products, which contributed to significant demand expansion. The analysis illustrates how a food safety threat was averted and even served as a catalyst for growth.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Salmon; Scanner data; Food Safety; Demand; Directed acyclic graphs; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; L15; Q11.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6832
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Buyer and Seller Responses to an Adverse Food Safety Event: The Case of Frozen Salmon in Alberta AgEcon
Maynard, Leigh J.; Saghaian, Sayed H.; Nickoloff, Megan.
Fish is a low-fat protein source high in omega-3 fatty acids, but in 2004 consumers also heard that farmed salmon had high levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). This research evaluated how Canadian consumers and processors reacted to the conflicting health messages. Demand estimates and time-series analysis of 2001-2006 frozen meat scanner data in Alberta, Canada show a significant drop in salmon expenditure share following the PCB finding. The industry responded by launching low-priced wild salmon products, which contributed to significant demand expansion. The analysis illustrates how a food safety threat was averted and even served as a catalyst for growth.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Salmon; Scanner data; Food safety; Demand; Directed acyclic graphs; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q11; Q16; Q22.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53629
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Agricultural Water Security and Instream Flows for Endangered Salmonids in Coastal California's Watersheds AgEcon
Mezzatesta, Mariano; Newburn, David A.; Brozovic, Nicholas.
Many rural landowners within the Western United States do not have access to a secure water supply provided by a major dam or an irrigation district. Such water users must rely instead on groundwater pumping and/or seasonal water flows from tributaries. Some of these agricultural producers choose to store winter stream flows from tributaries within onsite reservoirs to secure their spring/summer water needs. However, regulatory agencies have increased restrictions on surface water storage and diversions to improve instream flows for endangered salmon, thus reducing water security for many landowners not located along the main stem. The majority of salmon habitat is within the tributaries located throughout a watershed. Most research regarding instream...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Instream flow; Salmon; Endangered species; Water; Watershed; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61485
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